The following are a list of user friendly(beginner) level Linux distributions/operating systems.
All are available for free and can be easily customized to "look" like anything you want.ex: Windows, Mac, etc.etc.
Ubuntu
-new version released every 6 months or so
-every 2 years a LTS(Long-Term-Support) version is released that is supported for 3 years
-largest support community of any Linux distribution
Minimum Requirements(Recommended):
700 MHz x86 processor
384 MB of system memory (RAM)
8 GB of disk space
Graphics card capable of 1024x768 resolution
Sound card*
A network or Internet connection
Website: www.ubuntu.com
* I have been using Ubuntu for the past 2 years and do NOT have a sound card. I have been using the onboard(motherboard) sound and a very old pair of speakers.........I get crystal clear sound after installing Ubuntu.
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XUbuntu(this is really just a different flavor of Ubuntu, that is designed for slower/older systems)
-new version released at the same time that Ubuntu is released(i.e. every 6 months)
-every 2 years a LTS(Long-Term-Support) version is released that is supported for 3 years
-access to Ubuntu's community which is the largest support community of any Linux distribution
Minimum Requirements
128 MB RAM
1.5 GB of free space on your hard disk
Once installed, Xubuntu can run with 192 MB RAM, but it is strongly recommended to have at least 256 MB RAM.
website:
http://www.xubuntu.org/
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Linux Mint
-based on Ubuntu
-new version released after corresponding Ubuntu release
-includes EVERYTHING Ubuntu contains PLUS Flash/Javascript/CODECS for viewing multimedia plus various other optimizations and pre-installed software that would have to be manually installed in Ubuntu
Minimum Requirements
A minimum of 512MB of RAM is recommended. Once installed the system works fine with as low as 256MB RAM. The installation process deals with 2.5GB of data compressed on a 700MB CD and it can hang or fail on systems with less than 512MB RAM. If you have between 256MB and 512MB RAM you may have to try to install several times.
website: www.linuxmint.com
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Fedora
-Over the last few months, Fedora has been increasingly compared favorably with Ubuntu, and, to a large extent, it deserves this praise. If anything, it has probably exceeded Ubuntu in innovation, with at least a dozen major new ideas in every release
-the latest release is much faster and smoother, in terms of booting up, than before
-much better DEFAULT look than Ubuntu....on par with Linux Mint's default look
-on par with the latest version of Ubuntu, in terms of speed
Minimum Requirements
The following CPU specifications are stated in terms of Intel processors. Other processors, such as those from AMD, Cyrix, and VIA that are compatible with and equivalent to the following Intel processors, may also be used with Fedora. Fedora requires an Intel Pentium or better processor, and is optimized for Pentium 4 and later processors.
400 MHz Pentium II or better
192MB RAM
Recommended RAM: 256MB
website: www.fedoraproject.org
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EDIT: My personal experience(Ubuntu...for the most part...on an old system) is that
my sound and (wired internet) network card drivers are automatically detected after installation. The installation involves nothing but a few mouse clicks. I manually install flash, javascript, multimedia codecs(for multimedia viewing), video card drivers and a fancy theme. This entire process takes a TOTAL of ~2 hours, which is SIGNIFICANTLY less than what it takes me to install Windows XP on the same system. Oh, and the system ALWAYS runs faster than it would with Windows XP installed.